energy-university-denmark-5.html
Procedings
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4 e n e r g y + p r o c e e d i n g s introduction sustainable delivery of
energy
is a prerequisite for growth, welfare and peace worldwide. global climate changes, accelerating human popula- tion growth, increased urbanisation, and a subsequent growing demand for
energy
in the decades to come, put an enormous pressure on the world’s political and economical stability. many conflicts will continue to arise from disputes over natural resources, notable
energy
resources. population growth and changes in climatic conditions will most probably worsen the potential scenarios. as a result, we
need
a broad range of new
energy
tech- nologies tailor-made to meet the specific
need
s and conditions of different economies, political systems, and ecological systems of the world. unfortunately, a global financial crisis and a general lack of suffi- cient technical expertise worldwide makes it difficult to reach the long-term goals set by, for example, the international
energy
agency. reaching the 2050 targets for co 2 reduction may be very difficult using known technologies. and even so, there is a
future
beyond 2050. as a consequence, there is a
need
for new alternative solutions for the long term. in other words, we
need
a shift of paradigms within
energy
technology research and development. in practice, we
need
to look over the horizon and support long-term research, which may enable
future
“techno- logical leap-frogging” that we may not yet imagine. to move forward, we
need
a common understanding of the present and possible
future
energy
technolo- gies, their potentials and constraints. and maybe most important: “we
need
to know, what we do not yet know”, and then move on from there. conclusions and recommendations at the conference, there was a general consensus among scientists and engineers that we
need
to make a shift as quickly as possible from a dependency of coal, oil, and gas to become a more or less fossil-free society. the underlying rationale behind the shift from fossil fuels to more renewables may differ, de- pending on the focus being
energy
efficiency,
energy
supply security or green-house-gas emissions. but the bottom line is that fossil fuels are time-limited re- sources, whereas renewables are unlimited in time. there was, on the other hand, also a common un- derstanding that technologies are not yet at hand to make a switch from fossil
energy
to non-fossil
energy
supplies on a global scale. we may have carbon-free solutions at hand in a number of countries before 2020 or 2050, but on a global scale most
energy
production will still rely on fossil fuels for the next 50-100 years, unless we get some major technological breakthroughs within the next decades. research focus new technological breakthroughs are not possible to predict, but research and development should focus foremost on: a. making
energy
transformation from one type to another more effective, including the capture of renewable energies, such as solar and wind; b. worldwide transportation of
energy
via electric grids; c. storage of
energy
in its multiple forms, but fore- most electrical; d. optimisation of processes and outputs of biologi- cal systems producing biomass. preface ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 synopsis:.
energy
+.–.
energy
.pathways.of.the.
future
............................................................................................... 6 . . synopsis:.
energy
+.–.fremtidens.energiteknologier ................................................................................................ 14 session 1 mid-term moderator:.professor.erling.h..stenby,.dtu .................................................................................................................... 22 fuel.cells.for.the.
future
................................................................................................................................................................... 22 intelligent.electric.grids.and.wind ............................................................................................................................................ 34 clean.coal.technology.and.ccs .............................................................................................................................................. 38 nuclear.
energy
.–.opportunities.and.challenges ............................................................................................................ 43 session 2 long-term moderator:.director.charles.nielsen,.dong.
energy
................................................................................................... 53 upscaling.the.li-ion.battery.for.sustainable.
energy
.storage.applications .................................................. 53 . photovoltaics.–.
energy
.from.the.sun ..................................................................................................................................... 58 session 3 beyond moderator:.professor.flemming.besenbacher,.au ...................................................................................................... 64 . natural.photosynthesis.–.a.roadmap.for.artificial.photosynthesis ................................................................... 64 . fusion.power .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 69 . new.infrastructure:.hydrogen.society ................................................................................................................................... 73 . high-temperature.superconductors.–.contributions.to.
future
.
energy
.technology .............................. 78 contents
fuel-energy-cells-7.html
