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Procedings
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e n e r g y + p r o c e e d i n g s 77 it is maybe even more significant that large
energy
companies like bp, shell, exxon and statoil have formulated long-term strategies for and are cur- rently committing considerable rd&d resources to
hydrogen
technologies. bp and statoil have stated that combined electricity and
hydrogen
production based on pre-combustion could be a solution for early introduction of
hydrogen
economy. shell is investing world-wide in local
hydrogen
infrastructure demon- stration projects for busses and similar transportation fleets. exxon is developing an innovative
fuel
system that will generate
hydrogen
onboard a vehicle as needed. page 110 of 122 • national
hydrogen
learning demonstration currently includes 92
fuel
cell vehicles and 16
hydrogen
fuel
ling stations. doe has collected data from more than one million miles travelled; • the safety of
hydrogen
technologies as well as education of stakeholders have been demonstrated. international partnership for the
hydrogen
economy (iphe) was launched in 2003, and it is the largest global effort so far aimed at harmonizing progress towards a global
hydrogen
infrastructure. the iphe partners are australia, brazil, canada, china, the european commission, france, germany, iceland, india, italy, japan, norway, russia, south korea, the uk and the usa. the european commission has launched a joint technology initiative in
hydrogen
and
fuel
cells in may 2008 with a total expected budget over 6 years of €940 mill.. the main rd&d lines of this program are shown in figure 3. it is maybe even more significant that large
energy
companies like bp, shell, exxon and statoil have formulated long-term strategies for and are currently committing considerable rd&d resources to
hydrogen
technologies. bp and statoil have stated that combined electricity and
hydrogen
production based on pre-combustion could be a solution for early introduction of
hydrogen
economy. shell is investing world-wide in local
hydrogen
infrastructure demonstration projects for busses and similar transportation fleets. exxon is developing an innovative
fuel
system that will generate
hydrogen
onboard a vehicle as needed. figure 3. the main lines for the european
hydrogen
and
fuel
cell research, development and demonstration jti program. conclusions the
hydrogen
society is technically a reasonable scenario and could contribute to a sustainable global
energy
system powered by clean fossil
fuel
s (including carbon figure.3..the.main.lines.for.the.european.
hydrogen
.and.
fuel
.cell. research,.development.and.demonstration.jti.program. conclusions the
hydrogen
society is technically a reasonable scenario and could contribute to a sustainable global
energy
system powered by clean fossil
fuel
s (includ- ing carbon capture and storage), advanced nuclear technologies (fusion and fission), and renewable
energy
sources (wind, solar and biomass). the global rd&d efforts have lead to considerable progress along the road maps that were established in the usa and europe in the beginning of this decade, and key technologies like
fuel
cells are beginning to see com- mercial markets. all the major
energy
companies are engaged in demonstration projects for transport as well as power production. thus, several of the technical barriers have been lowered, but the price of
hydrogen
production via the alternative routes is still high and storage of
hydrogen
for transportation remains a challenge.
hydrogen
as an important
energy
carrier in our future
energy
systems remains a viable vision. however, a vision it will still take decades to realize. references doe news release, www.
hydrogen
.
energy
.gov, august 2008. european technology platform for
hydrogen
and
fuel
cells (hfp), implementation plan. www.hfpeurope.org, 2007. larsen, h., r. feidenhans’l and l. sønderberg petersen, eds., risø
energy
report 3:
hydrogen
and its competitors. risø-r-1469(en), 2004.
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